[64] The Daur Ao clan carries the unique haplogroup subclade C2b1a3a2-F8951, the same haplogroup as Aisin Gioro and both Ao and Aisin Gioro only diverged merely a couple of centuries ago from a shared common ancestor. Turkey is the only country that includes a sizeable percentage of Asian and African haplogroups not listed in this table (A, ExE1b1b, C, H, L, O, R2) representing 8.5% of the total. Haplogroup C seems to have come into existence shortly after M168 was introduced, probably at least 60,000 years before present. (Previously the name Haplogroup M was assigned to K2b1d.). [PMID 23908239] Sequencing Y chromosomes resolves discrepancy in time to common ancestor of males versus females. Pille Hallast, Chiara Batini, Daniel Zadik. Prior to 2002, there were in academic literature at least seven naming systems for the Y-Chromosome Phylogenetic tree. C2a1-F3447 (estimated TMRCA 16,000 [95% CI 14,700 <-> 17,400] ybp[4]) includes the Y-DNA of an approximately 14,000-year-old specimen from the Ust'-Kyakhta 3 site (located on the right bank of the Selenga River in Buryatia, near the present-day international border with Mongolia) and C2a1b-BY101096/ACT1942 (found in individuals from present-day Liaoning Province of China, South Korea, and a Nivkh from Russia) in addition to the expansive C2a1a-F1699 clade. Haplogroup C5 occurs at a very low frequency in India, Nepal, and Pakistan. Y-DNA Haplogroup C and its Subclades - 2019-2020: 2. Although Haplogroup C attains its highest frequencies among the indigenous populations of Mongolia, the Russian Far East, Polynesia, Australia, and at moderate frequency in the Korean Peninsula and Manchuria, it displays its highest diversity among modern populations of India, and therefore it is hypothesized that Haplogroup C either originated or underwent its longest period of evolution and diversification within India or the greater South Asian coastal region. A study published in 2007 found C-M217(xM93, P39, M86) Y-DNA in 8.5% (6/71) of a sample of Garos, who primarily inhabit the Garo Hills in the western half of Meghalaya, and in 7.6% (27/353) of a pool of samples of eight Khasian tribes from the eastern half of Meghalaya (6/18 = 33.3% Nongtrai from the West Khasi Hills, 10/60 = 16.7% Lyngngam from the West Khasi Hills, 2/29 = 6.9% War-Khasi from the East Khasi Hills, 3/44 = 6.8% Pnar from the Jaintia Hills, 1/19 = 5.3% War-Jaintia from the Jaintia Hills, 3/87 = 3.4% Khynriam from the East Khasi Hills, 2/64 = 3.1% Maram from the West Khasi Hills, and 0/32 Bhoi from Ri-Bhoi District). The paternal haplogroup assignment is determined by defining variants in your Y Chromosome. [40], The frequency of Haplogroup C-M217 in samples of Han from various areas has ranged from 0% (0/27) in a sample of Han from Guangxi[73] in southern China to 23.5% (4/17) in a sample of Han from Shanghai[73] in eastern China, 23.5% (8/34) in a sample of Han from Xi'an[36] in northwestern China, and 29.6% (8/27) in a sample of Han from Jilin[73] in northeastern China, with the frequency of this haplogroup in several studies' pools of all Han samples ranging between 6.0% and 12.0%. C2a-L1373 (estimated TMRCA 16,000 [95% CI 14,300 <-> 17,800] ybp[4]) has been found often in populations from Central Asia through North Asia to the Americas, and rarely in individuals from some neighboring regions, such as Europe or East Asia. L1, L2 and L3 are the most common mtDNA haplogroups in Africa, whereas B, C, D, M and Y are the haplogroups with higher frequencies in most South and East Asian countries, N and P in Oceania, and A, B, C and D in America. However, in other samples of Japanese, the frequency of haplogroup C-M217 was found to be only about one to three percent. Peter de Barros Damgaard, Nina Marchi, Simon Rasmussen, Wibhu Kutanan, Jatupol Kampuansai, Metawee Srikummool, Andrea Brunelli, Silvia Ghirotto, Leonardo Arias, Enrico Macholdt, Alexander Hübner, Roland Schröder, and Mark Stoneking, "Contrasting Paternal and Maternal Genetic Histories of Thai and Lao Populations.". K-M2313*, which as yet has no phylogenetic name, has been documented in two living individuals, who have ethnic ties to India and South East Asia. (Karafet 2010) harv error: no target: CITEREFKarafet2010 (help)(Xue 2006) harv error: no target: CITEREFXue2006 (help)(Gayden 2007) harv error: no target: CITEREFGayden2007 (help), In Vietnam, Y-DNA that belongs to haplogroup C-M217 has been found in about 7.5% of all published samples, including 12.5% (6/48) of a sample of Vietnamese from Hanoi, Vietnam,[36] 11.8% (9/76) of another sample of Kinh ("ethnic Vietnamese") from Hanoi, Vietnam, 10% (1/10) of a sample from Vietnam,[74] 8.5% (5/59) of a sample of Cham people from Binh Thuan, Vietnam, 8.3% (2/24) of another sample of Vietnamese from Hanoi,[75] 4.3% (3/70) of a sample of Vietnamese from an unspecified location in Vietnam,(Karafet 2010) harv error: no target: CITEREFKarafet2010 (help)(He 2012) harv error: no target: CITEREFHe2012 (help) 2.2% (1/46) of the KHV ("Kinh in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam") sample of the 1000 Genomes Project,[4][3] and 0% (0/27) of one study's samples of Kinh and Muong. The clade's existence and distribution are inferred from the fact that haplogroups descended from CF include most human male lineages in Eurasia, Oceania and The Americas. Haplogroup C-M8 also known as Haplogroup C1a1 is a Y-chromosome haplogroup. The distribution of Haplogroup C is generally limited to populations of northern Eurasia, eastern Eurasia, Oceania, and the Americas. Y DNA Haplogroup C in Japan.png 1,118 × 1,128; 46 KB Y-DNA haplogroup migration map in East Asia.png 2,888 × 2,312; 704 KB Y-DNA haplogroup of Tuvinian Oorzhak and Mongush clans.png 1,396 × 904; 602 KB 4. In addition, K-Y28299, which appears to be a primary branch of K-M2313, has been found in three living individuals from India. It is the most frequently occurring branch of the wider Haplogroup C (M130). Haplogroup C (mtDNA), a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup Haplogroup C (Y-DNA), a human Y-chromosome (Y-DNA) haplogroup The Y-chromosome lineages in East Asian populations have been examined extensively. A3b1 is a Khoisan exclusive haplogroup. Haplogroup L alone makes up 4% of the Turkish population. C2a1a1-F3918 subsumes C2a1a1a-P39, which has been found at high frequency in samples of some indigenous North American populations, and C2a1a1b-FGC28881, which is now found with varying (but generally quite low) frequency all over the Eurasian steppe, from Heilongjiang and Jiangsu in the east to Jihočeský kraj, Podlaskie Voivodeship, and Giresun in the west. On the other hand, C2b takes minority and most are C2e in Japan and Korea and Southern East Asia. (Previously the name Haplogroup S was assigned to K2b1a4. The entire work is identified by the Version Number and date given on. The Mongol Genghis Khan's haplogroup C3b1a3a1-F3796 (C3*-Star Cluster) is a fraternal "brother" branch of C3b1a3a2-F8951 haplogroup of the Aisin Gioro. It is found mostly in Central Asia, Eastern Siberia and significant frequencies in parts of East Asia and Southeast Asia including some populations in the Caucasus, Middle East, South Asia. Haplogroup CF, also known as CF-P143 and CT(xDE), is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup.This paternal lineage is defined by the SNP P143. Version History Last revision date for this specific page: 1 December 2012 Because of continuing research, the structure of the Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree … They published a joint paper that created a single new tree that all agreed to use. The Tungusic speaking peoples mostly have C3c-M48 as their subclade of C3 which drastically differs from the C3b1a3a2-F8951 haplogroup of the Aisin Gioro which originates from Mongolic speaking populations like the Daur. [10][5][15][72] In a study published in 2014, large samples of males from seven different Japanese cities were examined, and the frequency of C-M217 varied between a minimum of 5.0% (15/302 university students in Sapporo) and a maximum of 7.8% (8/102 adult males in Fukuoka), with a total of 6.1% (146/2390) of their sampled Japanese males belonging to this haplogroup; the authors noted that no marked geographical gradient was detected in the frequencies of haplogroups C-M217 or C-M8 in that study. Main Page. Haplogroup C3-M217 is probably the most important of these, as the geographic extent of its dispersal is without compare, stretching longitudinally from regional subgroups of the Germans in Central Europe all the way to the Wayuu people in northern Colombia and northwest Venezuela, and latitudinally from the Evens and Koryaks of the Russian Far East and the Athabaskan peoples of Alaska and western Canada all the way to Turkey, Pakistan, Vietnam, and the Malay Archipelago. 11. Haplogroup K2a (M2308) and its primary subclade K-M2313 were separated from Haplogroup NO (F549) in 2016. 10. Reports of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, ISSN 2224-5227, Volume 6, Number 316 (2017), 85 – 95. Directions for citing the document are given at the bottom of the Main Page. Y-DNA Haplogroup C-CTS1631, F2067, Y1785, formed 65900 ybp, TMRCA 48400 ybp stems from CF-M3711, arose shortly after the departure of the modern human from Africa. 3. (Previously the name Haplogroup S was assigned to K2b1a4. Haplogroup C also rarely co-occurs with Haplogroup D among populations of northern Eurasia. LIU Shuhu, NIZAM Yilihamu, RABIYAMU Bake, ABDUKERAM Bupatima, and DOLKUN Matyusup, "A study of genetic diversity of three isolated populations in Xinjiang using Y-SNP. harv error: no target: CITEREFKarafet2010 (, harv error: no target: CITEREFGayden2007 (, harv error: no target: CITEREFReddy2007 (, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFJobling_and_Tyler-Smith2000 (, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFKaladjieva2001 (, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFUnderhill2000 (, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFHammer2001 (, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFKarafet2001 (, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFSemino2000 (, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFCapelli2001 (. In 2002, the major research groups came together and formed the Y-Chromosome Consortium (YCC). Haplogroup C-M8 also known as Haplogroup C1a1 is a Y-chromosome haplogroup. Y-DNA Haplogroup R and its Subclades - 2018: 6. It is one of two branches of Haplogroup C1a, one of the descendants of Haplogroup C-M130.
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